Build Fuel-free Vehicles, and move forward to Nature! . . .
Mag Amp Gen I, II, III, IV, WI - Mag Air Gen - Mag Vibe Gen - MAG AIR VIBE GEN - Range-Free
In-V Energy Production: Mag Amp Gen 3 The purpose of this video is to show a preliminary STANDARD UNIT, which, by small alterations in input voltage, producing different axle rpm's, will produce various output voltages feeding wheel-hub magnetic drives, from 24v - 72v. This means that by varying the number of STANDARD UNITS one can provide drive power to small or larger vehicles. Note that this differs, not only from FUEL-MOTORS, but from Magnetic Drives with only battery-sourcing. Neither of these have ONE STANDARD UNIT which can accomodate vehicles large or small, slower or faster. Of additional note; while this five-ring 3-phase unit is loosly rated at 2.5amps (at 50v), & the next six-ring unit will be rated at 3 amps, MACHINE-SHOP production editions can easily DOUBLE these ratings, by closing the gap between magnets & coils, as well as increasing the number of coil-turns. Of further note, units like these should NEVER be exposed to DIRECT LOADS - if they are, the resulting impedance will back up into the coils, slowing rpm's, and increasing strain on the small DC motor. On a vehicle, all this can be regulated by only one gauge: The power-voltage gauge. Unlike in "Electric" vehicles, where this gauge ONLY GOES DOWN after a "charge-up". In vehicles using this Generator-Amplifyer, the gauge will go UP when the solar-fed unit is turned on, and DOWN when the Magnetic-Drive units are accelerating or going up hills or carrying heavy loads. Any gauge loss can be restored quickly by merely stopping with these units left on. Result? A truly practical stand-alone Fuel-Less Transport System. Once you are PRODUCING energy as you go down the road, you will feel a lot less HELPLESS in changing things! For the record, here is how to build a practical Fuel-Less Transport. 1) Build a body like the VEE's 2) Mount 2 or four wheel-hub 3-d Magnetic Drives like Nisson's "Pivo2". 3) Mount about 1/4 size of their Li-polymer bat-set under frame. 4) Mount 2-6 Mag Amp Gen units like the one in video. 5) Mount 2-6 Solar panels on roof, each about 8"X 2' (smaller if you have nano), each feeding one Gen. 6) Sprinkle in a few hefty capacitors on line to Gen's, and end-line to controllers to store energy for night & rainy days.
Purpose: To demonstrate on-board generators powering a 500w mag-drive wheel of 36v rating. Result: Success! The Generators: Three of approx. 3 amp output max. Features: Each 3-phase AC with full-wave rectifyers on each ring to output DC. Each powered by small 12v 5000rpm max motor, powered in turn by 12v 7.5amp/hr sealed lead batteries, sometimes supplemented by 100MAH simulating small solar roof panels. Special problem: In spite of the non-resistance of air-core coils, it was found that "back-pressure" from either direct loads (Tunsten Lights), or charging batteries, caused axle slow-down and DC-motor heat-up, as well as lowered voltage output. Our conclusion was that there are THREE, not TWO, charging types - we dubbed: 1) "Hard" - your ordinary wall plug-in charger, a rectified-output transformed around a laminated steel core driven by 120volts AC. 2) "Soft" - Direct input solar panel charging such as we used on many "Vee's" we built and tested, which charged all types of batteries, and could carry higher voltages and amperages than "hard" charging, without damaging batteries. 3) "super-soft" - the present on-board generators, which cannot directly charge batteries, but can charge CAPACITORS, which in turn can power the Wheel-Drive, or (we presume and will later test) charge batteries FROM THE CAPACITORS! Special features: On-line 3 amp diodes placed past initial capacitor(s). 1.5 Farads total capacity shown in test. The goal: To introduce universal Fuel Free Transport in a time parallel with Fuel Free, Housing, factories, agriculture, and all businesses. Reason: Point-of-use power generation is the only possible sustainable method for economic security, ecological integrity, and wide-spread prosperity in future planet development. Reason explained: Resource fuel extraction and delivery has become too expensive and undependable, causing wide-spread suffering and death, in spite of all relief efforts, stock-piling, and budgeting. Added to this is the extreme vunerability of long extended networks of physical connectedness - this includes electric grids as well as pipe-lines, tankers, and the like. Attempts at central control and domination of such networks has become increasingly difficult and intermitant and is rapidly failing due to both human and natural threats and disruptions. Conclusion: This demonstration shows for the first time publically (that we know of) the practicality of Fuel Free Transport. All elements shown can be improved on and enlarged to encompass all non-human or animal powered transport, thus initiating a revolution in planetary power technology. In a sense this Fuel Free, point of production = point of use, revolution merely generalizes the universality of solid-state electronics which already totally dominates the lighter energy sector of communications on the planet and in the human explored solar system generally.
No More Batteries - Ultracapacitors replace Batteries on Vee Ultra 1 !!!
Vee Ultra with UltraCapacitor Drive
Ultracapacitor and Charger Circuit Diagram for Vee Ultra 1 (click to enlarge)
what's new with solar cell technology and light electric vehicles
New Special nanofabrication techniqueslink for next generation of Solar panels: (scoll)
PORTLAND, Ore. - Development of a low-cost plastic infrared photovoltaic material by a group at the University of Toronto could herald a major step forward for solar power, its creators believe, by enabling solar-powered systems to also harvest infrared emissions.
The material embeds various-size nanoparticles-or quantum dots-in a polymer suspension. "We have designed a plastic device that is physically flexible-you could even paint it onto things by putting it in a solution," said Toronto EE professor Ted Sargent. "However you deposit it, after drying you have a nice, thin, smooth film that provides the basis for an electronic device."
Sargent's group had already demonstrated plastic infrared emitter chips, but the new results are detectors.
Sargent believes large-area plastic infrared photovoltaics could become a major marketplace within 10 years, depending on how low their cost goes. But they were not the original research target.
"Our first device was an infrared detector, which converts infrared optical signals into an electrical signal," said Sargent. "As a bonus, because we hadn't anticipated that this would work, we found that it was also a good photovoltaic material capable of harnessing the sun's power.
"There are already infrared photovoltaic cells that are not plastic, and there are already plastic photovoltaic materials," he went on. "What we have done for the first time is combine the two to create a plastic infrared photovoltaic material-that has not been done before."
Others have resorted to exotic technologies to scoop up the entire spectrum of energy from the sun. For instance, Sandia National Labs has created a Stirling-engine-based solar dish that it plans to use in 11-square-mile farms that generate as much electricity as the Hoover Dam.
But Sargent argues that his plastic photovoltaic material can be tuned, with almost any variety of embedded quantum dots, to whichever spectrum is required-both visible and infrared nanoparticles-for a full-spectrum solar cell.
"We think it is quite important," said Sargent. "In the past, photovoltaic cells have not harvested that other [infrared] half of the spectrum, but our device does for the first time."
Nanoparticles enhance a material's quantum-mechanical properties because their electrons are confined to a volume smaller than the electron's wavelength.
"In our materials the wavelength of an electron is about 20 nanometers," said Sargent. "But our nanoparticles-the quantum dots that we used-ranged from 2 to 6 nm in diameter. So we were very very strongly squeezing the electrons.
"The size of the nanoparticles determines the wavelength to which your device will be sensitive," he continued. "By making [semiconducting] particles that are only a few nanometers in size, we squeeze electrons down so far that their wavelength properties can no longer be ignored [in our calculations]-it becomes a quantum-mechanical phenomenon, a so-called quantum dot."
Sargent chose the 2- to 6-nm range of nanoparticle sizes in order to cover a nearly continuous band of wavelengths starting in the infrared and extending into the visible. However, he said, for the current demonstration he was just trying to achieve the "world's first," not the world's most efficient. Next, his group has to prove that its design can actually attain the kind of efficiency that would make it competitive with current silicon cells. The current 1-nm surface coating is, Sargent said, "too thick-we need to make it easier for the electrons to escape from the nanoparticles by making the coating thinner."
Sargent estimated the level of improvement he would consider high enough to make a difference in practical applications. Today, he said, plastic photovoltaic cells from other sources operate at about 6 percent efficiency. Sargent claimed that his design could have the potential to operate at upward of 30 percent efficiency, enabling it to compete with silicon cells.
"If we can improve efficiency by one or two orders of magnitude, then that will be major progress," he said.
Doctoral candidate Steve MacDonald performed most of the experiments at the University of Toronto, along with EE students Paul Cyr, Ethan Klem, Gerasimos Konstantatos, Larissa Lavina and Shiguo Zhang.
Funding came from the government of Ontario, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Nortel Networks, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Ontario Innovation Trust, the Canada Research Chairs Programme and the Ontario Graduate Scholarship.
Variable size and wavelength self-assembled nano-crystal, Light-reactive, conductive liquid for Light-module applications. - Initial lab routine: 1) Materials: Anachemia quotes unless otherwise noted - a) n-octane (solvent): M9716-2 -5ml: $50.95can (99.5GC stand.) or: a2) n-octane: MOX0060 -500ml: $80.75can (97%GC) b) Lead Chloride (PbCl2): MLX0140-1 -500g $107.25 (anhydrous) [reagent 1]. c) Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S): M14779-2 -1pk: $107.25 (200-400 determin.) [reagent 2]. d) EO19 PO43 EO19 (co-polymer stabilizer): POP 1750mw/ tot. 8400mw - 40% POP initial.: P188 BASF supply no. e) Water (H2O): 832-430 -1L: $22.00can (HPLCchempure) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -Lab equipt.: a) 8ml glass tube test-container. b) Various mixing beakers. c) Hand-held (or bench if available) Refractometer. d) Digital Voltmeter. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -Initial routine: Lab temp. 63*/ normal atmospheric pressure. 1) 4ml 20% n-octane solution of POE/ 4ml 20% n-octane solution of POP// mix - 40% POP by weight. (turn vessel hourly for 48hr). 2) Add .1ml reagent 1 (PbCl2 anhydrous // mix in (1) 4-6 hr, turning every ten minutes. 3) Add .1ml reagent 2 (H2S) [dissolved in 5% H2O] turn vessel hourly for 48-64hr. - Intended result: 2nm self-assembled PbS equi-dispersed crystals (12 atom high bi-element columns). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -Repeat with 4% (.4ml) n-octane added to vessel. (48hr. turn) Intended result: 3nm self-assembled PbS dispersed crystals (18 atom high bi-element columns) -Repeat with ANOTHER 4% (.4ml) added to vessel. Intended result: 4nm self-assembled PbS dispersed crystals (24 atom high bi-element columns). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- REMOVE TEST VESSEL (1) and test: a) Hand-held refractometer: Reading compared to initial POP/POE reading (readings should be done initially and between each reagent sequence, noted, and compared). b) Non-conductive surface (2cmX10cm) should be lightly sprayed using: 289-264 "IT" compressed gas: $6.98ea(can) - directed across the mouth of test-tube. Aluminum-foil tabs attached to each end and Vm reading taken under infrared-light source: -250W Sun-Lamp set at 5 different distances [test1]/ 5 different times (at each distance) [test2]. Since Sun-Lamp DRIES as well as emit long-waves; this test proceedure should be repeated and differences noted. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SECOND test vessel: - Repeat 2 more (4% additions) times for 5nm (30-atom columns) and 6nm (36-atom columns) crystal formation. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- REMOVE TEST VESSEL (2) and repeat tests (1) plus: - Addition of sun-light at timed-interval third round of testing. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Goal of initial test round: maximizing voltage output & ascertaining probable variations to increase such. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note: HCl should be allowed to evaporate from mix between each round of additions [5-10minutes]; this is a normal time for addition tube-opening, but these SHOULD NOT BE RUSHED - and waiting this period before adding for a new reagent cycle, is a good idea! -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Final: Conclusions drawn from results and hypothysis-altered proceedure rerun as long as necessary to produce Light modules superior to those now in use......
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